MFUNDO ZOYENERA KUPANGA

Basic Magnet Design
Makina a Magnabend adapangidwa ngati maginito amphamvu a DC okhala ndi ntchito zochepa.
Makinawa ali ndi magawo atatu: -

Thupi la maginito lomwe limapanga maziko a makinawo ndipo lili ndi coil yamagetsi yamagetsi.
Chotchinga chotchinga chomwe chimapereka njira yolumikizira maginito pakati pa mitengo ya maginito, ndikumangirira chogwirira ntchito cha sheetmetal.
Mtengo wopindika womwe umapindika kutsogolo kwa thupi la maginito ndipo umapereka njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu yopindika pa chogwiriracho.

3-D Model:
Pansipa pali chojambula cha 3-D chowonetsa makonzedwe oyambira a magawo mu maginito amtundu wa U:

Duty Cycle
Lingaliro la kuzungulira kwa ntchito ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamapangidwe a electromagnet.Ngati kapangidwe kameneka kamapereka ntchito yochulukirapo kuposa momwe ikufunika ndiye kuti si yabwino.Kuchuluka kwa ntchito kumatanthawuza kuti padzafunika waya wochuluka (ndipo mtengo wake ukukwera) ndipo/kapena padzakhala kuchepa mphamvu yothina.
Zindikirani: Maginito oyendetsa ntchito yapamwamba amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zotaya mphamvu zomwe zikutanthauza kuti idzagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa motero idzakhala yotsika mtengo.Komabe, chifukwa maginito amakhala WOYATSA kwakanthawi kochepa ndiye kuti mtengo wamagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zambiri umawoneka ngati wopanda tanthauzo.Motero njira yopangira mapangidwe ndiyo kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zowonongeka monga momwe mungathere kuti musatenthedwe ndi mafunde a koyilo.(Njira iyi ndiyofala pamapangidwe ambiri a electromagnet).

Magnabend adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito mwadzina pafupifupi 25%.
Nthawi zambiri zimangotenga 2 kapena 3 masekondi kuti mupendeke.Maginito adzazimitsidwa kwa masekondi 8 mpaka 10 pomwe chogwiriracho chimayikidwanso ndikuyanjanitsidwa kukonzekera kupindika kwina.Ngati 25% ntchito yozungulira ipitilira ndiye kuti pamapeto pake maginito adzatentha kwambiri ndipo kuchuluka kwamafuta kumayenda.Maginito sawonongeka koma amayenera kuloledwa kuti azizire kwa mphindi pafupifupi 30 asanagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Zochitika zogwirira ntchito ndi makina omwe ali m'munda wawonetsa kuti 25% yozungulira ntchito ndiyokwanira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito wamba.M'malo mwake, ogwiritsa ntchito ena apempha makina amphamvu kwambiri omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zochepetsera ntchito yocheperako.

Magnabend Clamping Force:
Practical Clamping Force:
M'zochita izi mkulu clamping mphamvu nthawi zonse anazindikira pamene si chofunika(!), Ndiko pamene kupinda workpieces woonda zitsulo.Popinda zogwirira ntchito zopanda chitsulo mphamvu imakhala yochepa monga momwe tawonera pamwambapa, ndipo (modabwitsa pang'ono), imakhala yocheperako popinda zitsulo zokhuthala.Izi zili choncho chifukwa mphamvu yokhotakhota imene imafunika pokhotakhota ndi yokwera kwambiri kuposa imene imafunika popindika.Chifukwa chake chomwe chimachitika ndikuti bend ikapitilira kutsogolo kwa clampbar kumakweza pang'ono kulola chogwirira ntchito kupanga radius.
Mpweya waung'ono womwe umapangidwa umapangitsa kuchepa pang'ono kwa mphamvu yotchinga koma mphamvu yofunikira kuti ipange mapindikidwe a radius yatsika kwambiri kuposa mphamvu yothina ya maginito.Chifukwa chake kukhazikika kumabweretsa ndipo clampbar samalola kupita.
Zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa ndi njira yopindika pamene makina ali pafupi ndi malire ake.Ngati chogwirira ntchito chokulirapo chiyesedwa ndiye kuti clampbar inyamuka.

Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kuti ngati m'mphepete mwa mphuno ya clampbar idawongoleredwa pang'ono, m'malo mokhala yakuthwa, ndiye kuti mpweya wopindika ungachepe.
Zowonadi ndi izi ndipo Magnabend wopangidwa bwino adzakhala ndi clampbar yokhala ndi m'mphepete.(Mphepete mwa nyanjayi imakhala yosawonongeka mwangozi poyerekeza ndi yakuthwa).

M'mphepete mwa Kulephera Kopindika:
Ngati kupindika kuyesedwa pachinthu chokhuthala kwambiri ndiye kuti makinawo amalephera kupindika chifukwa clampbar imangonyamuka.(Mwamwayi izi sizichitika modabwitsa; clampbar imangosiya mwakachetechete).
Komabe ngati katundu wopindika ndi wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa kupindika kwa maginito ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri zomwe zimachitika ndikuti kupindika kumapitilira kunena pafupifupi madigiri 60 ndiyeno clampbar iyamba kusendera cham'mbuyo.Munjira iyi yolephera maginito amatha kukana katundu wopindika mwanjira ina popanga kukangana pakati pa chogwirira ntchito ndi bedi la maginito.

Kusiyana kwa makulidwe pakati pa kulephera chifukwa cha kunyamuka ndi kulephera chifukwa cha kutsetsereka nthawi zambiri sikumakhala kochuluka.
Kulephera kokweza kumachitika chifukwa chogwirira ntchito kumalowera kutsogolo kwa clampbar m'mwamba.Mphamvu yopondera kutsogolo kwa clampbar ndiyomwe imatsutsa izi.Kuyika kumbuyo kumbuyo sikukhala ndi zotsatira zochepa chifukwa kuli pafupi ndi pomwe clampbar imapindidwa.M'malo mwake ndi theka lokha la mphamvu zonse zolimbanitsa zomwe zimakana kunyamulidwa.
Kumbali ina kutsetsereka kumakanidwa ndi mphamvu yonse ya clamping koma kudzera pa mikangano kotero kukana kwenikweni kumadalira kugundana kwapakati pakati pa workpiece ndi pamwamba pa maginito.
Kwa chitsulo chaukhondo ndi chowuma chiwombankhanga chikhoza kukhala chokwera kufika pa 0.8 koma ngati mafuta alipo ndiye kuti akhoza kukhala otsika ngati 0.2.Nthawi zambiri kudzakhala kwinakwake pakati kotero kuti njira yokhotakhota nthawi zambiri imakhala chifukwa cha kutsetsereka, koma kuyesa kukulitsa kukangana pamwamba pa maginito kwapezeka kuti sikuli koyenera.

Makulidwe:
Kwa thupi la maginito la E-mtundu wa 98mm m'lifupi ndi 48mm kuya ndi koyilo ya 3,800 ampere-turn, mphamvu yopindika yonse ndi 1.6mm.makulidwe amenewa amagwira ntchito zonse zitsulo pepala ndi aluminiyamu pepala.Padzakhala kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono pa pepala la aluminiyamu koma pamafunika torque yocheperako kuti ipindike kotero izi zimalipira m'njira yopereka mphamvu yofananira yamitundu yonse yazitsulo.
Payenera kukhala chenjezo pa mphamvu yopindika yomwe yanenedwa: Chachikulu ndichakuti mphamvu yotulutsa yachitsulo imatha kusiyanasiyana.Mphamvu ya 1.6mm imagwira ntchito ku zitsulo zokhala ndi kupsinjika kwa zokolola mpaka 250 MPa komanso ku aluminiyamu yokhala ndi kupsinjika kwa zokolola mpaka 140 MPa.
Kuchuluka kwake muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi pafupifupi 1.0mm.Mphamvuyi ndiyocheperako poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zina zambiri chifukwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosagwiritsa ntchito maginito koma chimakhala ndi kupsinjika kwa zokolola zambiri.
Chinthu china ndi kutentha kwa maginito.Ngati maginito aloledwa kutentha ndiye kuti kukana kwa koyiloyo kudzakhala kokwezeka ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti ikoke pang'ono potsatira kutembenuka kwa ampere ndi kutsika kwamphamvu.(Zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zocheperako ndipo sizingachitike kuti makinawo asakwaniritse zomwe akufuna).
Pomaliza, makulidwe a Magnabends atha kupangidwa ngati gawo la maginito limakula.