MAGNABEND MBIRI YA NTCHITO NDI KUPANGA
Chiyambi cha Lingaliro:
Kalelo mu 1974 ndinafunika kupanga mabokosi opangira nyumba zamagetsi.Kuti ndichite izi ndidadzipangira chikwatu chachitsulo chosakanizika kwambiri kuchokera muzitsulo zingapo zolumikizidwa pamodzi ndikugwiriziridwa moyipa.Kunena zocheperako zinali zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso zosasinthasintha.Posakhalitsa ndinaona kuti inali nthawi yoti ndipange zinazake zabwino.
Kotero ine ndinayamba kuganiza za momwe ndingapangire chikwatu 'choyenera'.Chinthu chimodzi chomwe chimandidetsa nkhawa chinali chakuti makina omangira amayenera kumangirizidwa kumunsi kwa makina kumapeto kapena kumbuyo ndipo izi zidzasokoneza zinthu zina zomwe ndinkafuna kupanga.Chifukwa chake ndidadumpha chikhulupiriro ndikunena kuti ...Chabwino, tisamangirire chomangira pamunsi, ndingapange bwanji kuti izi zitheke?
Kodi panali njira ina yowonongera mgwirizanowu?
Kodi mungagwirire chinthu osachiphatikizirapo?
Ilo linkawoneka ngati funso lopusa kufunsa koma nditakonza funsoli motere ndidapeza yankho lotheka:-
Mutha kukopa zinthu popanda kulumikizana nawo ... kudzera pa FIELD!
Ndinkadziwa za magetsi *, mphamvu yokoka *, ndi maginito*.Koma zingakhale zotheka?Kodi zingagwire ntchito?
(* Monga pambali n’kosangalatsa kuona kuti sayansi yamakono sinafotokoze mokwanira mmene “mphamvu yakutali” imagwirira ntchito kwenikweni).
Zomwe zinachitika pambuyo pake zikadali kukumbukira bwino.
Ndinali mu msonkhano wanga wa kunyumba ndipo panali pakati pa usiku ndi nthawi yoti ndigone, koma sindinathe kukana chiyeso choyesa lingaliro latsopanoli.
Posakhalitsa ndinapeza maginito a nsapato za akavalo ndi chidutswa cha shim brass.Ndinayika shim brass pakati pa maginito ndi 'wosunga' wake ndikupinda mkuwa ndi chala changa!
Eureka!Zinathandiza.Mkuwa unali wokhuthala 0.09mm koma mfundo idakhazikitsidwa!
(Chithunzi chomwe chili kumanzere ndikumanganso kuyesa koyambirira koma kukugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zomwezo).
Ndinali wokondwa chifukwa ndinazindikira, kuyambira pachiyambi, kuti ngati lingaliro likhoza kupangidwa kuti ligwire ntchito m'njira yothandiza ndiye kuti lidzayimira lingaliro latsopano la momwe mungapangire sheetmetal.
Tsiku lotsatira ndinauza mnzanga wakuntchito, Tony Grainger, za malingaliro anga.Analinso wokondwa pang'ono ndipo adandijambula momwe ndingapangire ma electromagnet kwa ine.Anawerengeranso mphamvu zamtundu wanji zomwe zingapezeke kuchokera ku maginito amagetsi.Tony anali munthu wanzeru kwambiri yemwe ndimamudziwa ndipo ndinali wamwayi kukhala naye ngati mnzanga komanso kukhala ndi luso lambiri.
Poyamba zinkawoneka ngati lingalirolo lingangogwira ntchito pamageji ochepa kwambiri a sheetmetal koma zinali zolonjeza zokwanira kundilimbikitsa kuti ndipitirize.
Kukula Koyambirira:
M’masiku angapo otsatira ndinapeza zidutswa zachitsulo, waya wina wamkuwa, ndi chowongolera ndipo ndinamanga foda yanga yoyamba ya electro-magnetic!Ndikadali nazo mumsonkhano wanga:
Gawo la maginito a electro-maginito a makinawa ndiloyambirira kwenikweni.
(Mlongoti wakutsogolo ndi chipilala chopindika chomwe chawonetsedwa apa zidasinthidwa pambuyo pake).
Ngakhale makina awa anali osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito!
Monga momwe ndimaganizira mumphindi yanga yoyambirira ya eureka, chotchingira sichinayenera kumangirizidwa kumunsi kwa makina kumapeto, kumbuyo, kapena kulikonse.Motero makinawo anali otseguka kwathunthu komanso otseguka.
Koma mawonekedwe otseguka amatha kuzindikirika bwino ngati mahinji a mtengo wopindika nawonso anali osagwirizana.
M'miyezi ikubwerayi ndidagwira ntchito ngati hinge ya theka yomwe ndidayitcha 'kapu-hinge', ndidapanga makina ochita bwino (Mark II), ndidayika Chidziwitso Chapa Patent ku Australian Patent Office ndipo ndidawonekeranso. pulogalamu ya kanema wawayilesi ya ABC yotchedwa "The Inventors".Zomwe ndinapanga zinasankhidwa kukhala wopambana mlungu umenewo ndipo kenako ndinasankhidwa kukhala mmodzi wa omaliza a chaka chimenecho (1975).
Kumanzere ndi bender ya Mark II monga momwe adawonetsera ku Sydney kutsatira kuwonekera komaliza kwa The Inventors.
Inagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wotukuka kwambiri wa 'cup hinge' monga momwe zilili pansipa:
Mu 1975 ndinakumana ndi Geoff Fenton pamsonkhano wa Inventors Association ku Hobart (3 Ogasiti 1975).Geoff anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kupangidwa kwa "Magnabend" ndipo anabweranso kwanga msonkhano utatha kuti adzawone bwino.Ichi chinali chiyambi chaubwenzi wokhalitsa ndi Geoff ndipo pambuyo pake mgwirizano wamalonda.
Geoff anali womaliza maphunziro a Engineering ndipo mwiniwakeyo anali wozindikira kwambiri.Anawona mosavuta kufunikira kokhala ndi mapangidwe a hinge omwe angalole makinawo kuzindikira kuthekera kwake kotseguka.
'Chikho changa' chinkagwira ntchito koma ndinali ndi vuto lalikulu la ma angles opitilira madigiri 90.
Geoff anayamba kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi mahinji opanda pakati.Gulu la hinge ili limatha kuwongolera pozungulira ponseponse yomwe ingakhale kunja kwa hinge makina okha.
Tsiku lina (1 Feb 1976) Geoff adatulukira ndi chojambula chachilendo komanso chowoneka bwino.Ndinadabwa!Ndinali ndisanaonepo chilichonse chonga icho patali!
(Onani chithunzi kumanzere).
Ndinaphunzira kuti iyi ndi njira yosinthidwa ya pantograph yomwe imaphatikizapo maulalo a 4-bar.Sitinapange mtundu woyenera wa hinge iyi koma miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake Geoff adabwera ndi mtundu wabwino womwe tidapanga.
Chigawo chopingasa cha mtundu wowongoleredwa chikuwonetsedwa pansipa:
'Mikono' ya hinge iyi imasungidwa molumikizana ndi mamembala ozungulira ndi ma crank ang'onoang'ono.Izi zitha kuwoneka pazithunzi pansipa.Ma cranks amangotenga gawo laling'ono la kuchuluka kwa hinge yonse.
Kuyerekezera kwa makinawa kukuwonetsedwa mu kanema pansipa.(Zikomo kwa Dennis Aspo chifukwa chofananira ichi).
https://youtu.be/wKxGH8nq-tM
Ngakhale makina a hinge awa adagwira ntchito bwino, sanayikepo pamakina enieni a Magnabend.Zoyipa zake zinali zoti sichinapereke kusinthasintha kwathunthu kwa 180 digiri ya mtengo wopindika komanso imawoneka kuti ili ndi magawo ambiri momwemo (ngakhale zigawo zambiri zinali zofanana).
Chifukwa china chomwe hinge iyi sinagwiritsidwe ntchito chifukwa Geoff ndiye adabwera ndi zake:
Triaxial Hinge:
Hinge ya triaxial imapangitsa kuti pakhale kuzungulira kwa madigiri 180 ndipo inali yosavuta chifukwa inkafunika magawo ochepa, ngakhale kuti ziwalozo zinali zovuta kwambiri.
Hinge ya triaxial idapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono isanafikire mawonekedwe okhazikika.Tidatcha mitundu yosiyanasiyana The Trunnion Hinge, The Spherical Internal Hinge ndi The Spherical External Hinge.
Hinge yozungulira yakunja idayerekezeredwa muvidiyo ili pansipa (Zikomo kwa Jayson Wallis pakuyerekeza uku):
https://youtu.be/t0yL4qIwyYU
Mapangidwe onsewa akufotokozedwa mu chikalata cha US Patent Specification.(PDF).
Limodzi mwamavuto akulu kwambiri ndi hinge ya Magnabend ndikuti panalibe poiyika!
Mapeto a makinawo ali kunja chifukwa tikufuna kuti makinawo akhale otsegula, choncho ayenera kupita kwinakwake.Palibenso malo pakati pa nkhope yamkati ya mtengo wopindika ndi nkhope yakunja ya mtengo wakutsogolo wa maginito.
Kuti tipeze malo titha kupereka milomo pamtengo wopindika komanso pamtengo wakutsogolo koma milomo iyi imasokoneza mphamvu ya mtengo wopindika komanso mphamvu yopumira ya maginito.(Mutha kuwona milomo iyi pazithunzi za hinji ya pantograph pamwambapa).
Motero mapangidwe a hinge amaletsedwa pakati pa kufunikira kokhala woonda kotero kuti milomo yaying'ono yokha idzafunika komanso kufunikira kokhala wandiweyani kuti ikhale yolimba mokwanira.Komanso kufunikira kokhala wopanda pakati kuti upereke pivot yeniyeni, makamaka pamwamba pa ntchito ya maginito.
Zofunikira izi zinali zazitali kwambiri, koma mapangidwe a Geoff adakwaniritsa zofunikirazo, ngakhale kuti ntchito yayikulu yachitukuko (yopitilira zaka zosachepera 10) idafunikira kuti apeze zomwe angagwirizane nazo.
Ngati ndifunsidwa nditha kulemba nkhani ina paziwombankhanga ndi kakulidwe kawo koma pakadali pano tibwerera ku mbiriyakale:
Mapangano Opanga-Pansi-Licence:
Pazaka zikubwerazi tidasaina mapangano angapo a "Manufacture-Under-License":
6 February 1976: Nova Machinery Pty Ltd, Osborne Park, Perth Western Australia.
31 December 1982: Thalmann Constructions AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
12 October 1983: Roper Whitney Co, Rockford, Illinois, USA.
December 1, 1983: Jorg Machine Factory, Amersfoort, Holland
(mbiri yochulukirapo ngati itafunsidwa ndi aliyense wokonda).